Titanium Dioxide
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Pure titanium for soft, creamy whites, satin surfaces and variegated, crystal-flecked glazes.
You must test before you use it, at any scale. Raw materials, mined or man-made, are not consistent. Color, strength, particle size and chemistry can change from one bag to the next and from one supplier to another, even when the name on the bag stays the same. Before you use this material in a glaze, slip or clay body of any size, mix a small test batch, fire it on your own clay in your own kiln, and check the results.
What it is
A bright white powder. In a glaze it gives soft, semi-opaque whites and creams, and it can grow tiny crystals as the glaze cools, giving a variegated, satin look. It's the pure form of the titanium found in rutile, without rutile's iron.
Getting started
- For a soft white or semi-opaque look, start at about 5% (5 grams per 100 grams of dry glaze).
- Around 8 to 10%, glazes tend to go satin or matte.
- With iron it gives creams and warm yellows.
- For a bright, solid white, tin oxide or a zircon opacifier like Ultrox works better. Titanium whites are creamier.
- It's not a one-for-one swap for rutile. Rutile carries iron and gives more color and movement.
For glaze formulators
- Titanium dioxide, TiOâ‚‚.
- Promotes crystal growth and variegation on cooling, especially in fluid glazes and slow cools.
- In boron-rich glazes it can produce bluish, milky streaks.
- Opacifies less strongly per gram than tin or zircon, and warms whites toward cream.
Safety
- Low toxicity, but don't breathe the dust. Wear a NIOSH-approved respirator (N95 or better) when handling it dry, and clean up with a wet sponge, not a broom.
Sizes & pricing
| Size | Price | Per lb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 lb | $6.85 | $6.85 | Add to cart |
| 5 lb | $33.50 | $6.70 | Add to cart |
| 10 lb | $66.00 | $6.60 | Add to cart |
| 25 lb | $162.50 | $6.50 | Add to cart |
| 55 lb bag | $341.00 | $6.20 | Add to cart |
Full bags mix and match. Every full bag in your order, of any raw material, adds up. That total sets the price of every bag. Smaller sizes don't count.
| Full bags in your order | Price per 55 lb bag | Per lb |
|---|---|---|
| Under 500 lb | $341.00 | $6.20 |
| 500 lb and up | $334.50 | $6.08 |
| 2,000 lb and up | $327.50 | $5.95 |
| 6,000 lb and up | $321.00 | $5.84 |
| 12,000 lb and up | $314.00 | $5.71 |
Prices from our October 23, 2026 price list.
Frequently Asked Questions
Start with 5 grams for every 100 grams of a dry clear base glaze (5%) for a soft, semi-opaque white. Around 8 to 10%, glazes tend to turn satin or matte. Make test tiles at 3%, 5% and 8% to see the range.
Titanium encourages small crystals to grow as the glaze cools, especially in runny glazes and slow-cooling kilns. That gives the mottled, variegated look many potters want. If you don't want it, use less titanium or let the kiln cool faster.
No. Rutile is titanium with iron in it, so it adds color and movement. Titanium dioxide is titanium without the iron and adds no color of its own. You can't swap one for the other gram for gram.
Glaze and clay recipes go by weight, not by volume, and they don't count water. Each ingredient is a share of the dry total. 2% means 2 grams for every 100 grams of dry ingredients. For a 500-gram batch, that's 10 grams. Colors and opacifiers are often listed as extras on top of a recipe that adds up to 100, written like "+2" or "add 2%." Weigh those the same way: 2 grams for every 100 grams of the base recipe. A digital scale that reads to 0.1 gram makes small amounts easy.
A test tile is a small piece of the clay you use, glazed and fired just like your real work. Raw materials vary from bag to bag, and results also change with your clay, how thick you apply the glaze and how your kiln fires. A test tile is the only way to know what you'll get before you glaze a whole batch of pots. Write what's on each tile on the back (an underglaze pencil works), and keep notes so you can repeat what works.
Yes, whenever you handle the dry powder. Fine dust is the main hazard with most raw materials, and some can harm your lungs over time. Wear a NIOSH-approved respirator (N95 or better) while you weigh and mix. A basic dust mask that isn't N95-rated won't protect you. Once a material is mixed with water, dust is much less of a problem, but wipe up spills with a wet sponge before they dry, and mop instead of sweeping. Don't eat or drink while you work, and wash your hands afterward. Check each product's Safety section for anything extra that material needs.
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