Burnt Umber
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A natural brown earth for brushwork, washes and darker clay bodies.
You must test before you use it, at any scale. Raw materials, mined or man-made, are not consistent. Color, strength, particle size and chemistry can change from one bag to the next and from one supplier to another, even when the name on the bag stays the same. Before you use this material in a glaze, slip or clay body of any size, mix a small test batch, fire it on your own clay in your own kiln, and check the results.
What it is
A natural brown earth made of iron oxide with some manganese, heated ("burnt") to deepen its color. Potters brush it on as a decorating wash for reddish-browns, and mix it into clay to darken it.
Getting started
- As a wash, mix it with water, brush it onto bisqueware, and wipe it back so color stays in the texture. Test it under and over your clear glaze.
- In clay or slip, start around 2 to 5% for a darker body.
- In a glaze, start at 2 to 3% for warm browns.
For glaze formulators
- Calcined natural earth: iron oxide with manganese oxide. Because it's dug from the ground, the iron-to-manganese ratio varies from lot to lot.
- The manganese can cause blistering at higher amounts.
Safety
- Contains manganese, which gives off harmful fumes during firing. Vent your kiln and stay out of the kiln room while it fires.
- Wear a NIOSH-approved respirator (N95 or better) when handling it dry, and clean up with a wet sponge, not a broom.
- On food surfaces, keep it under a stable, tested glaze, and have the finished piece lab-tested before you sell it.
Sizes & pricing
| Size | Price | Per lb | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 lb | $6.65 | $6.65 | Add to cart |
| 5 lb | $30.75 | $6.15 | Add to cart |
| 10 lb | $59.00 | $5.90 | Add to cart |
| 25 lb | $141.25 | $5.65 | Add to cart |
| 50 lb bag | $255.00 | $5.10 | Add to cart |
Full bags mix and match. Every full bag in your order, of any raw material, adds up. That total sets the price of every bag. Smaller sizes don't count.
This bag's price stays the same at every level, but it still counts toward your full-bag total.
Prices from our October 23, 2026 price list.
Frequently Asked Questions
Stir it into water until it's about as thin as milk. Brush it onto bisqueware (pottery that's been fired once), especially pieces with texture. Then wipe the surface with a damp sponge, so the color stays in the low spots and the high spots stay lighter. Fire it as is, or cover it with a clear glaze. Test on a tile first.
Both give browns. Burnt umber has manganese along with the iron, so its browns are darker and cooler. Red iron oxide gives warmer, redder browns. Because of the manganese, vent your kiln and stay out of the kiln room while it fires.
The wash was probably too thick. Manganese gives off gas as it fires, and a heavy layer under a glaze can push bubbles up through it. Wipe more of the wash off, apply it thinner, and test again.
Glaze and clay recipes go by weight, not by volume, and they don't count water. Each ingredient is a share of the dry total. 2% means 2 grams for every 100 grams of dry ingredients. For a 500-gram batch, that's 10 grams. Colors and opacifiers are often listed as extras on top of a recipe that adds up to 100, written like "+2" or "add 2%." Weigh those the same way: 2 grams for every 100 grams of the base recipe. A digital scale that reads to 0.1 gram makes small amounts easy.
A test tile is a small piece of the clay you use, glazed and fired just like your real work. Raw materials vary from bag to bag, and results also change with your clay, how thick you apply the glaze and how your kiln fires. A test tile is the only way to know what you'll get before you glaze a whole batch of pots. Write what's on each tile on the back (an underglaze pencil works), and keep notes so you can repeat what works.
Yes, whenever you handle the dry powder. Fine dust is the main hazard with most raw materials, and some can harm your lungs over time. Wear a NIOSH-approved respirator (N95 or better) while you weigh and mix. A basic dust mask that isn't N95-rated won't protect you. Once a material is mixed with water, dust is much less of a problem, but wipe up spills with a wet sponge before they dry, and mop instead of sweeping. Don't eat or drink while you work, and wash your hands afterward. Check each product's Safety section for anything extra that material needs.
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